Conditional clauses contain the word “if” or “unless”. They are called so because a certain condition is supposed or imagined to be fulfilled in order for an action to take place. We have three if clauses: If 1 (first conditional), ...
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Relative pronouns
LEARN ITA pronoun is a word that is used in the place of a noun. A relative pronoun is one that is used to refer to nouns mentioned previously, whether they are people, places, things, animals, or ideas. Relative pronouns can ...
There is vs There are
LEARN IT“There is” and “there are” are structures that tell us that something exists. THERE IS There is + singular noun Examples: There is a book in your desk. There is no right time to imitate the teacher. There is ...
Interrogative words
LEARN ITInterrogative words or question words are words which are used to ask questions. Those words include what? who? which? when? where? whom? why? whose? and how? WHAT? What is used to ask information specifying something. Examples: What time is it? ...
The present perfect continuous
LEARN ITThe present perfect continuous tense is used to talk about an action that started in the past and is continuing at the present time. This is often used with for or since. Formation The present perfect continuous tense is formed by conjugating the auxiliary “to have” ...
The present continuous tense
LEARN ITThe present continuous tense/present progressive tense is a tense which is used to express actions which are taking place now. It indicates the actions which are taking place at the the time of speaking. Formation This tense is formed by ...
The present perfect tense
LEARN ITThe present perfect tense deals with the events which have just been done. It is used when there is a connection with the present. In other words, we use this tense to give information or to announce a recent happening. ...
The past simple tense
LEARN ITWe use the past simple tense to talk about the actions or situations that happened in the past. *Most verbs have their past simple tense by adding ‘-ed, -d’ to the verb. Ex: It rained yesterday. They visited their grandchildren ...
The present simple tense
LEARN ITThe simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It is used to describe habits, unchanging situations, general truth, and fixed arrangements. Forming the present simple tense. Apart from the verb “to be” which has ...
Ibihekane by’Ikinyarwanda
LEARN ITIgihekane ni ijwi ry’inyunge ryandikishwa ingombajwi zirenze imwe. Izo ngombajwi zishobora kuba ebyiri, eshatu, enye cyangwa se eshanu. Ibihekane bikoreshwa mu Kinyarwanda ni ibi: mb, mf, mp, mv, nd, ng, ny, sh, nj, nk, ns, ts, nsh, nshy, nt, nz, ...
Ingombajwi z’Ikinyarwanda
LEARN ITIngombajwi ni amajwi yitabaza inyajwi kugira ngo avugike neza/ku buryo bwatuye. Ingombajwi z’Ikinyarwanda ni izi zikurikira: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, y, z. Iyo zanditswe nk’inyuguti nkuru zandikwa zitya: ...
Tragicomedy
LEARN ITA tragicomedy is a drama that combines the elements of a tragedy and a comedy. It can be a tragedy with a happy ending or a tragedy with enough comic elements. This kind of drama may use humour while addressing ...
What is drama?
LEARN ITThe word “drama” comes from late Latin drāma, “play, drama,” from Greek drâma (dramatos) “action, deed; play, spectacle,” from drāo“to do, make, act, perform, achieve” especially some great deed, whether good or bad. Drama refers to literature that is written ...
Oral literature
LEARN ITOral literature refers to literature which is disseminated/transmitted or spread by word of mouth. It refers to any form of verbal art which is spread by speaking. This unwritten literature is carried in the memories of members of different communities ...
Written literature
LEARN ITWritten literature refers literature which is written down. It includes all written works. Written literature is used in contrast to oral literature. This form of literature is transmitted by writing. Written literature which is the human expression through writing; started ...
What is prose?
LEARN ITThe word “prose” comes from the Latin “prosa oratio” meaning “straightforward discourse.” Prose is the usual or the normal form of written, or spoken language. It is a form of writing that is natural and uses grammatical structure. Most forms ...
Characterization
LEARN ITCharacter refers to traits or manners and at the same time to the fictional human being, animal or thing in a story. For instance, Okonkwo is a character in Things Fall Apart, Snowball is a character in Animal Farm, and ...